Common Signs You Might Have 牙周病

Wiki Article

牙周病, also known as periodontal disease, is a common but serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and, if untreated, can destroy the bone that supports your teeth. It is one of the leading causes of tooth loss in adults. While it may begin painlessly, the long-term consequences can be severe. Understanding 牙周病 is crucial for maintaining good oral and overall health.

What is 牙周病 (Periodontal Disease)?

牙周病 is an inflammatory condition affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth. It typically starts with gingivitis, or gum inflammation, caused by the buildup of plaque — a sticky film of bacteria on teeth. If not removed through proper brushing and flossing, plaque can harden into tartar, leading to more serious infections below the gum line.

Causes and Risk Factors of 牙周病

Several factors contribute to the development of 牙周病, including:

• Poor oral hygiene: Not brushing and flossing regularly allows plaque to build up.

• Smoking: Tobacco use is strongly associated with gum disease.

• Hormonal changes: Especially in pregnancy, puberty, and menopause, which can make gums more sensitive.

• Chronic diseases: Such as diabetes, heart disease, and rheumatoid arthritis.

• Genetics: Some people may be more prone to 牙周病 due to inherited factors.

• Certain medications: That cause dry mouth or affect gum health.

Symptoms of 牙周病

Early signs of 牙周病 can be easy to miss, but common symptoms include:

• Red, swollen, or bleeding gums

• Persistent bad breath

• Pain when chewing

• Receding gums or longer-appearing teeth

• Loose or sensitive teeth

If you notice any of these signs, you should visit a dentist as soon as possible for an examination and diagnosis.

Stages of 牙周病

1. Gingivitis – The mildest form, causing gum inflammation but no bone loss. It is reversible with proper care.

2. Periodontitis – At this stage, the inner layer of the gum and bone pull away from the teeth and form pockets that collect debris and become infected.

3. Advanced Periodontitis – The bones, gums, and tissues that support the teeth are destroyed. This may lead to tooth loss.

How to Prevent 牙周病

Prevention of 牙周病 is possible with good oral hygiene practices:

• Brush teeth at least twice a day using fluoride toothpaste.

• Floss daily to remove plaque from between teeth and under the gumline.

• Visit the dentist regularly for professional cleanings and checkups.

• Avoid tobacco use.

• Eat a balanced diet to support gum health.

Treatment Options for 牙周病

Treatment depends on the stage and severity of 牙周病:

• Non-surgical:

  • Scaling and Root Planing (Deep Cleaning): Removes plaque and tartar from above and below the gumline.

  • Antibiotics: May be used to control bacterial infection.

• Surgical:

  • Flap surgery: To remove tartar in deep pockets or reduce the periodontal pocket.

  • Bone and tissue grafts: To regenerate lost bone or gum tissue.

Early treatment can reverse gingivitis, but more advanced 牙周病 requires ongoing care and lifestyle changes.

牙周病 and Overall Health

Studies have shown a link between 牙周病 and other serious health issues such as:

• Heart disease

• Diabetes

• Respiratory diseases

• Complications in pregnancy

This makes treating and preventing 牙周病 not just a dental concern but an important part of overall health management.

Conclusion

牙周病 is a preventable and treatable condition that starts silently but can lead to serious oral and general health complications if ignored. By recognizing its symptoms, understanding the risk factors, and maintaining a consistent oral care routine, you can protect yourself from the damaging effects of periodontal disease. Don’t wait for pain or tooth loss to take action — regular dental checkups and good hygiene are your best defenses against 牙周病.